Naukratios 1 was named among the eminent monks in the monastery of Stoudios in the early ninth century (see Timotheos 3): Vita Nic. Stud. 877A-B. He was a monk in the monastery of Sakkoudion in its earliest years and was one of the closest followers and supporters of Theodoros 15 (Theodore the Stoudite): Vita A Theod. Stud., 128B, Vita B Theod. Stud., 245A, Vita C Theod. Stud. §12 p. 264. For the others, cf. Ioseph 3, Antonios 35, Timotheos 3 and Athanasios 8. He was one of the Stoudite monks who endured the sufferings of persecution under Leo V (Leo 15): Vita B Theod. Stud., 301C (ἐν οἷς διέλαμπεν ὅ τε φερώνυμος καὶ μέγας Ναυκράτιος). He was the oikonomos of the Stoudite monastery: Vita B Theod. Stud., 324C (τὸν οἰκονόμον προσκαλεσάμενος - ἦν δὲ οὗτος ὁ ἀοίδιμος Ναυκράτιος, ὁ καὶ διάδοχος αὐτοῦ γεγονὼς), Vita A Theod. Stud., 225D-228A (προσκαλεῖται τὸν οἰκονόμον. Ναυκράτιος δ' ἦν οὗτος, ὁ καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν τὴν προστασίαν ἐγχειρισθεὶς, ᾧ καὶ κοινωσάμενος περὶ πάντων ὅπως τε ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς γένοιτο δεξιὸς πολλὰ παραινέσας). He was present with Theodoros 15 when the latter died (in 826): Vita A Theod. Stud., 225D-228A, 229AB, Vita B Theod. Stud., 324C, 325A. He succeeded Theodoros 15 as hegoumenos of the Stoudite monastery: Vita B Theod. Stud., 324C. Vita A Theod. Stud., 225D (both cited above). Oikonomos of the Stoudite monastery, he was the addressee of many letters from Theodoros 15 (Theodore the Stoudite), written between c. 809 and c. 821, all addressed Ναυκρατίῳ τέκνῳ: Theod. Stud., Epp. 40, 45, 47, 49-51 (c. 809/811), 103-110, 115-121, 132-137, 145-146, 150-153, 177, 186, 204, 223-225, 283-285, 287, 296, 358, 376, 380, 384, 405, 407, 409, 411, 415 (c. 815/819), 417 (c. 821). Many were written in reply to letters which Naukratios 1 sent to Theodoros 15 during the exile of Theodoros 15 under Leo V (Leo 15); he was able to give assistance to monks who were persecuted while he remained free: see the letters written between 815 and 819 passim. He is mentioned by name in several further letters of Theodoros 15: Theod. Stud., Epp. 41, 48, 153, 232, 287, 342, 380; and as the unnamed oikonomos of the monastery in very many others, as well as in several of the sermons of Theodoros 15: Theod. Stud., Catech. Parva 44 (p. 161 Auvray), 77 (p. 266 Auvray), Theod. Stud., Catech. Magna 9, 22, 28, 33, 42, 43, 46, 47, 53, 66, 84, 93, 96, and in Theod. Stud., Epigrammata 7, and also in Vita A Theod. Stud., 197C, Vita B Theod. Stud., 293D. He accompanied Theodoros 15 into exile at Thessalonike in 797: Theod. Stud., Ep. 1, lines 88-89 (unnamed oikonomos). He was possibly appointed as the first oikonomos of the Stoudite monastery when it was reorganised by Theodoros 15: Vita A Theod. Stud., 148D, 197C, Vita B Theod. Stud., 261A, Vita C Theod. Stud. §25, p. 272, §77, p. 302 (τὸν οἰκονόμον προσκαλεσάμενος - Ναυκράτιος δ' ἦν οὗτος, ὁ καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν προστατεύσας τῆς ἀδελφότητος). During the Moechian controversy in 809/811 he was exiled (with Arsenios 4): Theod. Stud., Ep. 48, line 43. During the persecution of iconophiles under Leo V (Leo 15) he suffered persecution and beating (mainly in winter 817/818): Theod. Stud., Epp. 115, 287, 376, 380, 405. He was again arrested in 819: Theod. Stud., Ep. 411. He suffered illnesses in 816 and in 818: Theod. Stud., Epp. 134, 358. He was acquainted with Albeneka 1: Theod. Stud., Ep. 395. He once allegedly had a relationship with a woman: Theod. Stud., Ep. 104.

He became hegoumenos of the Stoudite monastery in succession to Theodoros 15 (Theodore the Stoudite) (in 826) and was himself succeeded after his death in 848, by Nikolaos 26: Vita S. Evaristi 12 (p. 306). He was associated with Athanasios 8 as leader of the Stoudite monks who incurred the displeasure of Ioannikios 2 (St Ioannikios) by preventing permission being granted for Isaakios 7 to become a monk (and cf. also Anonyma 56): Petrus, Vita Ioannicii 57 (οἱ Στουδίται οἱ περὶ Ἀθανάσιον καὶ Ναυκράτιον παρεγένοντο). The date was probably late in the reign of Michael II (Michael 10) or shortly afterwards. He and Athanasios 8 were leaders of the Stouditai whom Ioannikios 2 continued to oppose; Ioannikios 2 advised the patriarch Methodios 1 (during a meeting in 846) to have nothing to do with either Naukratios 1 or Athanasios 8 or their associates Ioannes 240, Ignatios 6 and Anonymus 565: Petrus, Vita Ioannicii 69-70. The Stoudites were apparently to blame for divisions in the church during the patriarchate of Methodios 1.

After the death of the emperor Theophilos 5 Naukratios 1 returned from exile to Constantinople, with the support of the empress (Theodora 2) and the patriarch (Methodios 1), and became head of the Stoudite monastery: Vita Nic. Stud. 901C-D.

Hegoumenos of the monastery of Stoudios in Constantinople (Ναυκράτιον ... τὸ τηνικαῦτα καθηγούμενον ὄντα τῆς κατὰ τὸν Πρόδρομον καὶ Βαπτιστὴν Ἰωάννην εὐαγεστάτης μονῆς, ἥτις ἐκ [τοῦ] ταύτην πάλαι δομησαμένου τὴν ἐπίκλησιν ἔσχε Στουδίου); in c. 843 Evarestos 1 (St Evarestos; then known as Sergios) came to Naukratios 1 with a letter of commendation from a hermit in Thrace, Ioannes 220; after examining Evarestos 1, Naukratios admitted him as a monk, giving him the monastic garb and changing his name from Sergios to Evarestos; subsequently he put him to serve in the monks' refectory: Vita S. Evaristi 8 (pp. 302-303). When Evarestos 1 and Eubiotos 1 secretly left to live as hermits on an island in the Propontis, Naukratios had them traced and summoned them back: Vita S. Evaristi 11 (p. 305). Naukratios 1 died on 18 April, apparently shortly after the death of Methodios 1, and was succeeded by Nicholas (Nikolaos 26) (in 848): Vita Nic. Stud. 904B-C.

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