Lupus 1 was a Lombard; he became dux of Forum Iulii in succession to Ago 1 ("Foroiulanorum ductor Lupus efficitur"); he led his cavalry via an ancient causeway into Grado, near Aquileia, and plundered the city, carrying off the ecclesiastical treasures of the Church of Aquileia; subsequently, in 663 he was left in charge of the royal palace at Ticinum by king Grimoald (Grimoald 3) when Grimoald 3 marched south to Beneventum against the invading imperial army under the emperor Constans (Konstans 1): Paul. Diac., Hist. Lang. V 17, cf. John the Deacon, Cron. Ven., p. 87 (dux Foroiulanus; he attacked Grado and carried away the treasures claimed by the Church of Aquileia). During Grimoald 3's absence he behaved irresponsibly at Ticinum, judging that the king would never return; when Grimoald 3 came back, Lupus 1 returned to Forum Iulii and rebelled: Paul. Diac., Hist. Lang. V 18. Grimoald 3 invited the Avars (see Anonymus 308) to attack Forum Iulii and overthrow Lupus 1; they succeeded in defeating and killing him after several days fighting: Paul. Diac., Hist. Lang. V 19-20 ("Lupo duce perempto"; the battle was fought "in loco qui Flovius dicitur", apparently Fluvius Frigidus "in the Wippach valley in the province of Krain" according to a note of Bethmann on V 19). The date was apparently still 663. Father of Arnefrit 1: Paul. Diac., Hist. Lang. V 22. He also had a daughter, Theuderada 1, whom Grimoald 3 gave in marriage to his son Romoald 1 after Lupus 1's death; there were three sons of this marriage, Grimoald 4, Gisulf 1 and Arichis 1: Paul. Diac., Hist. Lang. V 25 ("mortuo igitur, ut dixeramus, Lupo duce"). See Wechtari 1.

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