A Stoudite monk, Gregorios 139 was the addressee of several letters from Theodoros 15 (Theodore the Stoudite), written between 809 and 826: Theod. Stud., Ep. 122, pp. 240-241; 269, pp. 397-399; 471, pp. 676-678; 489, pp. 719-722; 556, pp. 853-854 (all addressed Γρηγορίῳ τέκνῳ). He is alluded to (not always by name) in nine other letters: Theod. Stud., Ep. 39, pp. 112-114; 40, pp. 115-120; 41, pp. 121-122; 43, pp. 124-128; 48, pp. 129-139; 51, pp. 151-153; 108, p. 226; 327, pp. 468-469; 438, p. 616.

During the Moechian controversy Gregorios 139 supported Theodoros 15 loyally and accompanied him into exile: Theod. Stud., Ep. 39, p. 114, line 99 (ὃν συμφρουρούμενός μοι; unnamed), Ep. 40, p. 120, line 176 (ὃν ἀδελφὸς Γρηγόριος), Ep. 41, p. 121, line 13 (one of the Stoudite monks whom Theodoros 15 proposed to identify using code letters), Ep. 43, p. 128, line 108 (ὁ σὺν ἐμοὶ; unnamed), Ep. 51, p. 153, line 79 (ἀγαπητοῦ τέκνου μου, σοῦ δὲ ἀδελφοῦ, Γρηγορίου; he sent greetings to Naukratios 1). Later he rejected the reconciliation between Theodoros 15 and the patriarch Nikephoros 2 and threatened to leave Theodoros 15: Theod. Stud., Ep. 269, pp. 397-399. He subsequently defected from the iconophile cause: Theod. Stud., Ep. 327, pp. 468-469. His spiritual model and guide was the Stoudite monk Dorotheos 9: Theod. Stud., Catech. Parva 133.

Gregorios 139 lived together with the Stoudite Basilios 133, at least between 809 and 811 and between 815 and 818: Theod. Stud., Ep. 48, pp. 129-139 (Gregorios 139 and Basilios 133 were held together in custody in 809/811); 269, pp. 397-399; 327, pp. 468-469. Gregorios 139 was still associated with Basilios 133 between 821 and 826: Theod. Stud., Ep. 438, p. 616, line 2\n (addressed to Basilios; ἐπεθυμοῦμεν σὺν τῷ κυρίῳ Γρηγορίῳ καὶ σὲ ἐνταῦθα θεωρῆσαι). Probably between 821 and 825 Gregorios 139 acted as intermediary between Theodoros 15 and the bishop of Chalcedon, Ioannes 439: Theod. Stud., Ep. 471, pp. 676-678. During this time he paid a brief visit to Constantinople, about which he wrote a letter to Theodoros 15 saying that he had there received medical treatment, together with the Stoudite monk Zosimas 4, and had finally been cured after submitting to bloodletting; he had also provided answers to a number of theological questions raised by the xenodochos Theodoros 326 to which Theodoros 15 was unable to add anything further; Gregorios 139 is addressed as τέκνον ἠγαπημένον: Theod. Stud., 489, p. 719, line 2. He is perhaps to be identified with the Stoudite monk Gregorios whose death, between 821 and 826, is recorded in two sermons of Theodoros: Catech. Parva 132, 133 (pp. 460, 466 Auvray).

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