Junadah 1 | Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire |
| Sex | M |
| Floruit | M/L VII |
| Dates | 672 (taq) / 680 (tpq) |
| Variant Names | Djunada |
| Religion | Muslim |
| Ethnicity | Arab |
| Locations | Arados (topographical); Rhodos; Arwad; Rudas |
| Titles | Commander of the Arabs (office) |
| Textual Sources | Baladhuri, al-, Kitab futuh al-Buldan, tr. P. K. Hitti, The Origins of the Islamic State (London, 1916, reprint Beirut, 1966) (history); Elias Barshinaya, Chronicle (Eliae metropolitae Nisibeni, Opus chronologicum, pars prior, ed. and tr. E. W. Brooks, CSCO 62 and CSCO 63 (1910) (chronicle); Tabari, al-, Ta'rikh al-rusul wa-l-muluk, ed. M.-J. de Goeje et al., 15 vols. (Leiden 1879-1901); Eng tr. The History of al-Tabari, general editor E. Yar-Shater, 39 vols. (New York, 1985-) (history) |
In AH 53 (Dec. 672-Dec. 673) Junadah b. Abi Umayyah (Junadah 1) conquered Rhodes; the Arabs settled there but abandoned it after the death of Mu`awiya 1 and the accession of Yezid 1: Tabari XVIII, p. 166. He captured Rhodes in AH 52 and settled Muslims there: Baladhuri, tr. Hitti, p. 375. After seven years Mu`awiya 1 died and Yezid 1 wrote ordering Junadah 1 to leave: Baladhuri, tr. Hitti, p. 376. In AH 54 he reduced Arwad (an island near Constantinople): Baladhuri, tr. Hitti, p. 376. In AH 54 (AD Dec. 673-Dec. 674) he conquered "an island in the sea near Constantinople called Arwad", according to one source, al-Waqidi; the Muslims remained there for seven years until recalled after the death of Mu`awiya 1 by a letter from Yezid 1: Tabari XVIII, p. 172. This presumably refers also to the capture of Rhodes. In AH 56 (AD Nov. 675-Nov. 676) he led the winter campaign into Byzantine territory; other sources (unnamed) said that the leader was `Abd al-Rahman b. Mas`ud (Abd ar-Rahman 6): Tabari XVIII, p. 183. In AH 58 (AD Nov. 677-Oct. 678), according to some sources, it was Junadah 1 who led the sea raid against the Byzantines in this year: Tabari XVIII, p. 192. In AH 59 (AD Oct. 678-Oct. 679) some sources said that he led the sea raid, though al-Waqidi claimed that no sea raid took place in this year: Tabari XVIII, p. 199. In AH 59 (AD Oct. 678-Oct. 679) = 990 Sel. (AD 678/679) Djunada ibn Abu Umayya (Junadah 1) spent the winter on the island of Rhodes in Roman territory: Elias, Chron., p. 146, 17-21 = pp. 70ff. In AH 60 (Oct. 679-Sept. 680), according to al-Waqidi, there took place the entry of Junadah 1 into Rudas and his destruction of its city: Tabari XVIII, p. 208. Does this refer again to Rhodes, and perhaps to the destruction of the city before its abandonment by the Arabs? The date however seems to be before the death of Mu`awiya 1. In the time of al-Walid (Walid 1) Junadah 1 raided Crete: Baladhuri, tr. Hitti, p. 376. Junadah ibn abi-`Umaiyah-'l-Azdi (Junadah 1) died in the year 80 (AD 698/699): Baladhuri, tr. Hitti, p. 375.
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