Theodoros 25 was bishop of Ephesus in Asiana and exarch of the diocese of Asiana; he attended the Third Council of Constantinople (the Sixth Ecumenical Council) in 680 and 681 and was present at all eighteen sessions: Riedinger, pp. 16-823 (= Mansi XI 209-669). In the subscriptions to the statement of the faith, which condemned monotheletism, he is styled Θεόδωρος ἐλέει Θεοῦ ἐπίσκοπος τῆς Ἐφεσίων μητροπόλεως καὶ ἔξαρχος τῆς Ἀσιανῆς διοικήσεως : Riedinger, p. 780, lines 9-10, cf. p. 891, lines 28-29 (= Mansi XI 641, cf. 689). In the subscriptions to the Council he is styled Θεόδωρος ἐλέει Θεοῦ ἐπίσκοπος τῆς Ἐφεσίων μητροπόλεως τῆς Ἀσιανῶν ἐπαρχίας: Riedinger, p. 823, line 5 (= Mansi XI 669). In the lists of those attending the sessions of the Council he is styled Θεοδώρου ἐπισκόπου Ἐφέσου: Riedinger, p. 16, line 21, p. 28, line 25, etc. (= Mansi XI 209, 217, etc.). In both sets of subscriptions he is listed among the metropolitan bishops. At the eighth session (7 March 681) he declared his acceptance of the doctrine of Two Wills and Two Energies as set out in documents from pope Agatho 1 and the Council of Rome: Riedinger, p. 196, lines 25-29 (= Mansi XI 336). After the Council he was among those who signed the copy of the definition of the faith sent to the bishop of Rome, Agatho 1, signing on behalf of the bishops under him as well as himself: Riedinger, p. 891, lines 28-29 (= Mansi XI 689) (ὑπὲρ ἐμαυτοῦ καὶ τῆς ὑπ'ἐμὲ συνόδου).

Perhaps identical with the archbishop of Ephesos Theodoros of whom a seal survives, dateable to the seventh or eighth century: DOSeals III 14.7 = Laurent, Corpus V 1, no. 254. Obv.: bust of a saint, probably Saint John. Rev.: +Θεο - δωρου αρ - χιεπισκο - που Εφε - σου. The same man was possibly the owner also of two other seals, belonging to a Theodoros bishop of Ephesos and dateable to the seventh century: DOSeals III 14.6a and b = Laurent, Corpus V 3, no. 1689 (a = Zacos and Veglery 1249, where a third specimen, from the same boulloterion, is recorded). Obv.: +Θεο - δωρου α - ναξιου ε - πισκοπ - ου. Rev.: bust of a saint, probably Saint John, with a vertical inscription reading: ε - φ - ε - ς - ο - υ. On the identification of the saint, see Zacos and Veglery, Seals, note ad loc., and Nesbitt and Oikonomides, DOSeals III, p. 32, note.

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