Omar 1 | Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire |
| Sex | M |
| Floruit | E/M VII |
| Dates | 634 (taq) / 644 (ob.) |
| Variant Names | Oumar |
| Religion | Muslim |
| Ethnicity | Arab |
| Locations | Jerusalem |
| Titles | Caliph (office) |
| Textual Sources | Chronicon Anonymi ad annum 1234 pertinens, ed. and tr. J.-B. Chabot, I = CSCO 81-82 (Paris, 1916-20), II = CSCO 109 (Louvain, 1937) (chronicle); Michael the Syrian, Chronicle, ed. and tr. J.-B. Chabot, La chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris, 1899-1904) (chronicle); Theophanes Confessor, Chronographia, ed. C. de Boor, 2 vols. (Leipzig, 1883-85, repr. Hildesheim/NewYork, 1980); tr. and comm. C. Mango and R. Scott, The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor, Oxford 1997 (chronicle) |
Omar 1 began to build a mosque in Jerusalem; when it kept falling down, he was told by the Jews that the cause was the cross on the Church of the Mount of Olives; he removed the cross and the mosque remained standing: Theoph. AM 6135. Ruler of the Arabs (Οὔμαρ, ὁ τῶν Σαρακηνῶν ἀρχηγός), he was murdered on the fifth day of the month Dios, after ruling (ἀμηρεύσαντα) for twelve years; his successor was Othman 1; Theoph. AM 6137.
Ruler of the Arabs, he reigned for twelve years and was assassinated "on the fourth of Teshrin Hroy (i.e. November), a Thursday"; he was succeeded by `Uthman (Othman 1): Chron. 1234, p. 261, cf. Mich. Syr. II 430.
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