Konstantinos 1 was a leader of the Paulicians. He was an Armenian, born at Samosata in Armenia in the village of Mananalis in the reign of Heraklios I's grandson, Constantine (i.e. the emperor Constans II, Konstans 1). He banned Manichaean texts because so many people were being executed on account of them (presumably for owning and reading them) and ordered "the heretics" (the Manichees, i.e. Paulicians) to read nothing but the four gospels and the book of the apostle Paul (defined at Peter of Sicily, 42 as the fourteen letters of Paul, the general letter of James, the three letters of John, the general letter of Jude and the Acts of the Apostles). He openly rejected the teachings of Valentinus and Koubrikos (= Manes), while adopting those of Basilides and others, in order to disguise the foundations of the heresy. He assumed the name Silvanus and left Mananalis to live in the fort of Kibossos near Koloneia, claiming to be identical with the Silvanus whom the apostle Paul had once sent to Macedonia; this was six hundred years after Paul's time, in the reign of Heraklios I's grandson Constantine (i.e. Constans II). At Peter of Sicily 101 the author (Petros 1) deforms his name Silvanus to Saloanous (Σαλοανοῦς, i.e. mad fool); he lived for twenty-seven years at Kibossos. He and his successors as leaders of the heresy were regarded by the Paulicians (Manichees) of Petros 1's own time (mid ninth century) as apostles of Christ and the equals in status of the apostle Paul. An imperial official, Symeon 1, was sent to have Konstantinos 1 stoned to death (see also Tryphon 1) and to convert his disciples back to Christianity; his disciples at first refused Symeon 1's order to stone him but finally Ioustos 2, his adopted son, to whom he had taught the heresy, stoned him to death. The site was still known as Soros (the Mound) in Petros 1's day. He began the building of the church of "Macedonia" (meaning Kibossos): Peter of Sicily, 94-105.

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