Ibrahim 3 is named as a man who led Arab raids into Byzantine territory during the reign of the emperor Theophilos (Theophilos 5): Theoph. Cont. III 19 (p. 109), 22 (p. 112), Zon. XV 27. 26. His name is given as Ἰβραήμ (Theoph. Cont.) or Ἰμβραήλ (Zon.). Identity and date are uncertain; he is to be identified as one or other of the caliphs, al-Ma'mun 1 or al-Mutasim 1, rather than one of their generals. When his army confronted that under Theophilos 5, he chose to withdraw with some of his troops and left the remainder to fight under the command of Abuchazar 1, who routed the Romans: Theoph. Cont. III 22 (p. 113) (he is alluded to apparently as ὁ ἀμεραμνουνῆς), Zon. XV 27. 26 (ὁ τῶν Σαρακηνῶν ἀρχηγὸς Ἰμβραήλ).

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