Antonios 31 was the brother of Agatho 11, Basilios 141, Gregorios 159 and Petros 143, with whom he lived an ascetic life as a monk in the monastery of Agauron on Mt Olympus; they had a sister, Megetho 1, and four other sisters, whose names are not recorded: Vita Eustratii 4, p. 370, 4-12.

Antonios 31 was an iconoclast monk in the monastery of the Agauroi (near Prousa in Bithynia); he became hegoumenos of the monastery during the persecution of iconophiles under Theophilos 5, when Eustratios 19 fled; according to one source, Sabas (Sabas 1), he ignored repeated warnings from Ioannikios 2 to repent and died; according to the other, Petrus (Petros 126), he ignored the warnings of Ioannikios, but then asked for a suitable penance, accepted it, suffered paralysis and died truly repentant forty days later: Sabas, Vita Ioannicii 36 (συνέβη ... Ἀντώνιον δέ τινα τῆς αὐτῆς μονῆς τοῖς αἱρετικοῖς συμφρονήσαντα ὑπὸ τῶν τῆς αἱρέσεως ἐξάρχων τὴν τῆς μονῆς ἐκείνης ἡγεμονίαν καὶ ἐπικράτειαν πιστευθῆναι), Petrus, Vita Ioannicii 66 (Ἀντώνιος μοναχός, ὁ ἀμελῶς περὶ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ ψυχῆς διακείμενος, ὁ καὶ πολλάκις ὑποπεσὼν τῇ αἱρέσει, ὅστις καὶ προεχειρίσθη εἰς προστασίαν τῶν Ἀγαύρων ὑπὸ τῶν ἐκπεμφθέντων τῷ τότε καιρῷ αἱρεσιαρχῶν ἐξάρχων). He presumably died before the Triumph of Orthodoxy in 843.

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