Anonymus 660

Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire
SexM
FloruitE/M VIII
Dates726 (taq) / 730 (ob.)
LocationsConstantinople;
Chalke (Gate of, Constantinople)
TitlesSpatharios (dignity)
Textual SourcesVita Stephani Iunioris, by Stephanus Diaconus (BHG 1666), ed. M.-F. Auzépy, La Vie d'Etienne le Jeune par Étienne le diacre. Introduction, édition et traduction (Aldershot, 1997); PG 100. 1069-1186 (hagiography)

Anonymus 660 was a spatharios who obeyed the orders of the emperor Leo III (Leo 3), in either 726 or 730, to remove the icon of Christ from above the Chalke Gate of the Great Palace in Constantinople; a crowd of women attacked and killed him while he was doing it: Vita Steph. Iun. 100, 22-23 (1085) (τὸν καθαιρέτην σπαθάριον; not named), Passio Theodosiae 3 (unnamed spatharios, dragged down from his ladder and killed by the women, one of whose leaders was Theodosia 2).

One of the supposed letters from pope Gregory II (Gregorios 72) to the emperor Leo III (Leo 3) purports to give a description of the event; the emperor Leo 3 sent Ioulianos (Ioulianos 16) the spatharokandidatos to the Chalkoprateia (ἀπεστείλας τὸν Ἰουλιανὸν τὸν σπαθαροκανδιδᾶτον εἰς τὰ Χαλκοπρατεῖα) to destroy the image of the Saviour known as the Antiphonetes; against the protests of a crowd of women the spatharios (τὸν σπαθάριον) mounted a ladder and struck at the image; as he struck a third blow at the icon's face, the women pulled him down and killed him: Pseudo-Gregory, Ep. I ad Leonem III, pp. 293-295.

It is not certain if the spatharokandidatos and the spatharios are meant to be one and the same person. The letter is certainly a later forgery (it mentions the fall of Ravenna, which was in 751, and claims that among numerous reliable eyewitnesses from Western nations were Vandals and Goths; it also associates the Sarmatians with the Lombards as enemies of the empire) and the description contradicts other more reliable accounts (the icon was at the Chalke, not at the Chalkoprateia); the details are not therefore to be trusted; see J. Gouillard, "Aux origines de l'iconoclasme: le témoignage de Grégoire II?", in TM 3 (1968), pp. 267-270 (introduction to the text of Pseudo-Gregory). The name is also recorded as Iobinos.

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